Tuesday, January 17, 2012

Chapters 1 and 2

25 comments:

  1. Kevin Alonso
    Period 2

    Chapter 1
    Vocabulary:
    Tranquil- free from commotion or tumult; peaceful; quiet; calm

    Lure- anything that attracts, entices, or allures

    Repine- to be fretfully discontented; fret; complain

    Foible- a minor weakness or failing of character; slight flaw or defect

    Dowry- the money, goods, or estate that a wife brings to her husband at marriage

    Sari- a garment worn by Hindu women, consisting of a long piece of cotton or silk wrapped around the body with one end draped over the head or over one shoulder

    Scythe- an agricultural implement consisting of a long, curving blade fastened at an angle to a handle, for cutting grass, grain, etc., by hand

    Grove- a small wood or forested area, usually with no undergrowth

    Bulbul- a songbird often mentioned in Persian poetry, regarded as being a nightingale

    Mynahs- any of several Asian birds of the starling family Sturnidae, especially those of the genera Acridotheres and Gracula, certain species of which have the ability to mimic speech and are kept as pets

    Futility- the quality of being futile; ineffectiveness; uselessness

    Paddy- a rice field

    Granary- a storehouse or repository for grain, especially after it has been threshed or husked

    Brook- a small, natural stream of fresh water

    Brittle- having hardness and rigidity but little tensile strength; breaking readily with a comparatively smooth fracture, as glass

    Clamor- a loud uproar, as from a crowd of people
    Provisions- the providing or supplying of something, especially of food or other necessities

    Surmount- to get over or across (barriers, obstacles, etc.)

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  2. Grace Gao
    period 2
    chap 2 voc.

    Solace- comfort in sorrow, misfortune, or trouble; alleviation ofdistress or discomfort.
    Abashed- ashamed or embarrassed
    Contemptuously- showing or expressing contempt
    Scant- barely sufficient in amount or quantity
    Midwife- a person who assist during childbirth

    characters

    Characters- chaps 1 and 2
    Rukmani (Ruku) - (the mother) she was born into a nice family. Her father was the head of the village. She has three other sisters who got married before her. Rukmani did not have a wedding like her sisters; she was not pretty so she had to marry someone beneath her. Rukmani’s husband is a farmer. She was also the last to get married out of her sisters.
    Shanta- Rukmani’s sister, the first to get married and had a big wedding that lasted for days, she had a lot of jewels, such as diamond earrings and a gold necklace.
    Padmini- Rukmani’s other sister, the second to get married. Her wedding wasn’t as good as Shanta but she still like jewels and had a good match husband.
    Thangam- Rukmani’s last sister, the third to get married, less people went to her wedding; she only had one piece of jewel which was a diamond nose screw.
    Nathan- Rukmani’s husband, Nathan is a hard worker. He build the hut that him and his wife live in. he is a farmer who is very patience.
    Kali- Ruku’s neighbors wife, she is big a plump with ample hips, her husband works in the field right next to Nathan. Kali is a very kind to Rukmani, while Rukmani was giving birth and after she gave birth, Kali helped around her house. She helped water the plants and helped her clean.
    Janaki- married to the village shopkeeper, she has several kids from her husband.
    Kunthi- youngest out of the three is pregnant with her first child. She is quiet and people also say she married beneath her. When kunthi was giving birth to her son, Rukmani was asked to watch after her, kunthi told Rukmani to leave but she didn’t.
    Irawaddy (Ira)- Rukmani’s first daughter.

    chapter 1 summary
    The mother tells her story about her family. Her sons left her besides Puil because the mother asked him to stay. Puil’s fingers have been cut off; on his hand there were only stubs left. The mother made a promise with Kenny and Selvam to make sure Puil’s limbs were untouched. The mother has 3 sisters; they all got married before her and had a better wedding. Rukmani married a farmer, who was beneath her; she learned how to work on a farm with her new husband who is a very hard worker. Rukmani meets some neighbors who are her friends. One of them, kunthi, doesn’t seem to like her. Kunthi also married someone beneath her but Rukmani and her husband seem to be a better match. Rukmani is proud of herself when she grows her first pumpkin. Rukmani grew many more plants, her and her husband, Nathan, ate better than ever.

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  3. Chapter 1 Vocabulary:
    repining:feel or express discontent;fret
    foibles:a minor weakness in someone's character
    Spruce:neat;tidy
    Befitted:be appropriate for
    Dowry:money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage
    Prestige:status,authority,reputation
    Diminished:make smaller or less;reduce
    Bloated:swollen,puffy
    Zealous:eager;enthusiastic

    Characters:
    Puli
    Kenny
    Rukmani:wife of farmer Nathan
    Selvam
    Shanta:Rukami's older sister
    Padmini;second oldest:married fittingly
    Thangam
    Kali:plump woman,big with ample hips,married;neighbor
    Janaki:married to village shopkeeper,sagging figure
    Kunthi:thin,reserved,married beneath her
    Old Granny:sells peanuts and guavas
    Hanuman;general merchant
    Perumal:husban of Janaki
    Biswas:the moneylender

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  4. I have two questions for chapter 1
    1)What does Rukmani mean when she says that her father was of no consequence?
    2)Why wasn't Rukmani supposed to address her husband as "Nathan"except for husband?
    Can someone please answer?

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  5. To Kimberly:
    1) I'm guessing that when Rukmani says her father was of no consequence, it means that her father, who was the headman of the village, doesn't have the same authority before the British came, and his(the father's) effect on his village isn't the same and isn't that powerful anymore.
    2) Rukmani isn't supposed to address her husband as "Nathan" and should call him "husband" because that's the way their culture/traditions is.

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    Replies
    1. Ok thanks Nadda I understand it better

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    2. 1)Consequence as opposed to being a result, either positive or negative, of an action taken can also mean importance. There is almost always more than one definition to a word, don't hesitate to pursue thorough investigation especially if it hinders you comprehension of something important =).
      2) Nadda is absolutely correct. This was the way of tradition back and still does exist even today. It has to do with the male perception of women being less powerful and of less consequence. Maybe men felt as if their wives regarding them by their names instead of husband, that would make them equal. I mean the absurdity in this is vivid but thats totally biased of me to judge their tradition in such a manner.

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  6. Katy Lau
    Period 2

    Chapter 1 Vocab:
    puckered- to gather into wrinkles
    spruce- made from the wood of spruce trees
    consequence- importance or significance
    bullock- a young bull
    unyoked- to free from work
    jauntily- easy and sprightly in manner or bearing

    Historical context:
    During the time that this book was written, child marriage was common in India. The narrator was married at the age of twelve in chapter one to Nathan. Today child marriage is illegal. But the law wont prevent the practice of child marriage because it has been part of the traditions of the people.

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  7. Wilson Hinh
    Period 2
    Chapter 1
    Vocabulary
    * Repining-to be fretfully discontented; fret; complain.
    *spruce-any evergreen, coniferous tree of the genus Picea, of the pine family, having short, angular, needle-shaped leaves attached singly around twigs and bearing hanging cones with persistent scales.
    *subdue-to conquer and bring into subjection
    *disdain-to look upon or treat with contempt; despise; scorn.
    * Rukmani is the only daughter of the four sisters, who doesnt seem to be as fortunate as her sisters. Shanta, had a wedding that lasted for many days, recieved many feasts and gifts. Padmini was also made a good mach and was married fittingly, taking dowry with her. Thangam wasn't as fortunate as the first two, but still better then Rukmani, as she recieved a jewel. However, Rukmani had married a farmer, and is now living at a mud hut, somewhere away from her own family.
    * Story takes place in india, dhal is a dish of lentils found common at an indian cousine.

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  8. Wilson Hinh
    Period 2
    Chapter 2
    Vocabulary:
    *entreating- to ask (a person) earnestly; beseech; implore; beg.
    *sowing- to scatter (seed) over land, earth, etc., for growth; plant.
    *irrigation-the artificial application of water to land to assist in the production of crops.
    *stubble-Usually, stubbles. the stumps of grain and other stalks left in the ground when the crop is cut.
    *stooping-to bend the head and shoulders, or the body generally, forward and downward from an erect position.
    *lest-for fear that; so that (one) should not (used negatively to introduce a clause expressive of an action or occurrence requiring caution).
    *unfurled-to spread or shake out from a furled state, as a sail or a flag; unfold.
    *tendrils-a threadlike, leafless organ of climbing plants, often growing in spiral form, which attaches itself to or twines round some other body, so as to support the plant.
    *bereft-a simple past tense and past participle of bereave.
    *frenzy- extreme mental agitation; wild excitement or derangement.
    *devout-devoted to divine worship or service; pious; religious.
    *thatched-Also, thatching. a material, as straw, rushes, leaves, or the like, used to cover roofs, grain stacks, etc.
    * In chapter 2 of the book, Rukmani comes out to be pregnant with her husband Nathan. Therefore, all her work is pushed down to more of the simple tasks, and all the heavy duties were given to the husband. There comes to a scene where she is attacked by a snake, and Nathan saves his wife from it. It might have been bad idea to some, because cobras were known to be sacred. A while later, the baby was born and comes to be a girl which they name Ira, however daughters as first born kids were less appreciated then sons.

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  9. Kevin Alonso
    Period 2

    Chapter 2
    Vocabulary

    Leisure- freedom from the demands of work or duty

    Thistledown- the mature, silky pappus of a thistle

    Thistle- any of various prickly, composite plants having showy, purple flower heads

    Assert- to state with assurance, confidence, or force; state strongly or positively; affirm; aver

    Bereave- to deprive (of) something or someone valued, especially through death

    Unrelenting- refusing to relent or take pity; relentless; merciless

    Abashed- ashamed or embarrassed; disconcerted

    Overladen- to overload

    Contemptuously- showing or expressing contempt or disdain; scornful

    Devout- earnest or sincere; hearty

    Historical Context

    “For a Hindu woman marriage marks the end of her life as a maiden. She has to leave her parent's home to begin life anew in her husband's house, amidst new people and new surroundings. After marriage her relationship with her parents remain formal and minimal. Marriage therefore become a matter of anxiety and stress for many women, till they become familiar with their new surroundings and the new people in their lives. The early stages of marriage is a make or break situation in case of many. It is also the period during which the bride either becomes popular in her new home or unpopular, depending upon her behavior and her relationships with each member of her husband's family.
    Caste, natal charts, gotra (kinship or family lineage), family background, financial status of the groom, appearance and character of the bride and the bridegroom, the willingness of the parents are some important considerations in arranged marriages.” (http://www.hinduwebsite.com/hinduism/h_marriage.asp)

    When Rukmani gets married to Nathan (the tenant farmer) she must leave her family to go with him and settle in a new village because it is a custom in their religion. She must learn to adapt to her new environment with her husband, work together, rely on each other as well as look out for each other in order to support one another.
    Rukmani was married at the age of twelve, well before the Hindu Marriage Act of 1955. This law passed in India stated that a boy must be at least 21 years old and a girl must be at least 18 years old in order for them to be married.

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  10. Katy Lau
    Period 2

    Chapter 2
    Vocabulary:
    solace- something that gives comfort, consolation, or relief
    lusty- spirited; enthusiastic
    fanciful- whimsical; imaginary; unreal
    rallying- to bring into order again
    puling- whining; whimpering
    fretful- irritable or peevish
    reproach- to find fault with

    In chapter 2, Rukmani bears Nathan a child within a year of their marriage. During her pregnancy, she didn't have to work in the fields anymore. Rukmani used her spare time and began to practice writing again. When the child is born, they name the baby Irawaddy.

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  11. Samantha Octtaviani p3
    Chapter 1

    Vocabulary/historical context:

    Futility: ineffectiveness; uselessness
    Chide: to express disapproval of, scold or harass, nag, impel, etc.
    Milch: yielding milk
    Till: to labor; as by plowing, for the raising of crops
    Gunny: strong, coarse material used especially for bags or sacks
    Provisions: providing or supplying of something.
    Unbidden: not ordered or commanded
    Brinjals: a hairy upright herb with a large glossy fruit that is commonly used as a vegetable
    Meet (adj): suitable; fitting; proper.
    Characters and Plot:

    Rukmani: The main character. She was brought up in a rich family, her father was the village headman. However, when the British started implementing its control, they sent these Collectors that come to the villages once a year. He took away control from the headman and so therefore, Rukmani wound up marrying someone below her, unlike her sisters. In this chapter, she lives in a mudhouse married to Nathan. At first she was horrified to see that she was living in such “poor conditions.” However, she grew up and learned how fortunate she was to be living with someone who loved her and to have access to everything she needs. After all she was only 12 when she was married
    Nathan: Rukmani’s husband. At the time she only addressed him as husband because it was not meet for a woman to call her husband by his name in their culture.
    Shanta, Padmini and Thangam: Rukmani’s older sisters
    The story takes place in India in the early 1800s.
    Kali: wife of Rukmani’s neighbor.
    Perumal and Janaki: Perumal keeps the only shop and Janaki is his wife.

    The effects of pre-colonial life in India are positive because Rukmani was content. Even though they didn’t have much, they were able to survive with enough food and water and had access to much. Rukmani was happy then and often states how she was fortunate and lucky to have a husband who loved her, food, and water. She wishes she was back there again, living with her husband who is now no longer there with her. This leads a person to believe that the negative effects of colonialism outweigh the negative effects on pre-colonial life.

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  12. In chapter 2, it seems as if Ruku has alot of power. She can write where in many culture durring this time period women cannot write. Also she makes her husband Nathan take on her tasks, which in some cultures wouldn't have happened regardless of pregnancy.

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  13. Ch.1 Vocab
    foible- (noun) a minor flaw or shortcoming in character or behavior

    repine- (verb)Feel or express discontent

    stub-(noun)The usually short end remaining after something bigger has been used up

    spruce- (adj.)neat in dress or appearance

    dowry- (noun) Property or money brought by a bride to her husband on their marriage

    nose screw = nose ring

    prestige- (noun)Respect and admiration felt for someone or something on their achievements or quality.

    bullock- (noun)a young bull

    bullock cart-(noun)a wagon driven by a bull/ox

    saris-(noun)A garment consisting of a length of cotton or silk, traditionally worn by women from the Indian

    trunk- (noun)luggage/suitcase, a vessel for holding things such as clothing

    finery- (noun)elaborate or showy decoration, esp clothing and jewellery

    lurch -(verb) Make an abrupt, unsteady, uncontrolled movement or series of movements

    curd - (noun)substance used to make cheese

    dhal-(noun) is an Indian dish made from pulses such as chick peas or lentils

    nick- (noun)A shallow notch, cut, or indentation on an edge or a surface

    scythe- (noun)A tool used for cutting crops such as grass or wheat, with a long curved blade at the end of a long pole attached to one or two short...the one that Death has

    unyoke- (verb)to release from a yoke, or to cease work; to take a break

    grove-(noun)A small wood, orchard, or group of trees

    jolt- (verb)Push or shake (someone or something) abruptly and roughly OR Give a surprise or shock to (someone) in order to make them act or change

    jauntily- (adv.)Stylishly or lively

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  14. Samantha Octtaviani p3
    Chapter 2

    Practise: practice in British. Rukmani's father uses the British way of saying practice and so does she.
    Cow: To frighten with threats, violence, etc; intimidate.
    Ominously: Having the significance of an omen.

    Plot:
    In chapter 2, we see some of how Rukmani grew up and how that affects her life later on. She learned how to write, and so she now is a cut above everyone else, including her husband, in education.
    Other people look at Rukmani differently because she gave birth to a beautiful daughter. Even though her first born isn’t a son, the fact that her daughter is good looking made up for it a little. She felt less ashamed.

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  15. Kimberly Garcia
    Period 3
    Chapter 2 Vocabulary:

    midwife-a person trained to assist a woman in childbirth
    entreating-ask earnestly or anxiously for something
    affliction-pain or suffering
    marveled-filled with wonder/astonishment
    scornful-feeling or expressing contempt
    foible-weakness
    bereft-deprived of or lacking something
    unrelenting-not yielding in strength or determination
    abashed-cause to feel embarrassed or ashamed
    frenzy-fury,rage,madness
    contemptuously-without respect


    In Chapter 2,we learn and see how Rukmani's life is. We see the relationship between her and her husband and how certain things affect them, like when he got mad that Rukmani took too long with Kunthi because he wanted her to be safe and careful.We also learn that she has her first daughter Irawaddy,named after one of the great rivers of Asia. People would wonder how "ordinary parents" could produce such a marvelous child. Nathan would compare both Ira and Rukmani. Rukmani is superior because she learns how to write,unlike most people who didn't even know how to write their name.

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  16. Questions: I don't understand why Rukmani says that her mother doesn't "not reproach her for the long intervals between my visits"(17)?

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    Replies
    1. To Kimberly:
      The book states that Rukmani's mother knows she works hard all the time and that Rukmani barely has time to go and visit her. Her mother is being understanding, she doesn't blame her or discredit her for going up to see her less frequent then she would have liked her to.
      reproach: blame or discredit
      long intervals between: there was more time between each visit
      --I wrote this on a separate comment instead of reply by accident so I deleted it, just in case anyone is wondering about the message below.

      Delete
  17. This comment has been removed by the author.

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  18. Leslie Valero
    Chapter 1:
    Characters:
    Puli- her son but didn`t have the same blood.
    Hanuman- the general merchant.
    Perumal- husband of Janaki.
    Biswas- moneylender.
    Janaki, Kali, Kunthi- Rukmani`s neighbors.
    Interactions:
    Kunthi was also married beneath her but she had a barrier between Rukmani and herself.
    Rukmani has a different way of thinking. She is "glad that she married "beneath her", for a finer man no one could have had; but possibly she was not so lucky" (9).

    Effects of Colonialism:
    Rukmani(Ruku) was married beneath her, therefore she had to learn how to "plant seed, how to churn butter from milk and how to mull rice" (10). This is a negative effect because this is not the way she was use to living. It is also a positive effect because it helps her become more usefull and it helps her maintain a good relationship with her husband.

    Pre-colonial:
    Before there use to be a headman in the village, now there is a collector(4).
    This has a negative impact on Ruku because instead of marrying a rich man she had to marry a tenant farmer. Ever since her father stopped being the headman his prestige was diminished. Due to this she had to be married with Nathan and it was a disgrace because they were from different categories.

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  19. Tang Wu

    Chapter1:

    PLOT
    In Chapter 1, Rukmani gets married to Nathan, who is a farmer. She is the last of her sisters to get married because she is not as beautiful as they are. Rukmani moves to another village with her new husband. She now lives in a mud hut. Rukanami meets her neighbors kali, Janaki, Kunthi. She learns that Nathan has built their mud hut by himself with his own bare hands. Rukanami learns to plant seeds and farm. Nathan is very patient and supportive. When she finally harvests a fruit, Nathan is impressed and compliments Rukmani. Rukmani works hard to improve her farming and harvesting skills and begins to grow plentiful of crops.

    Colonialism-the control or governing influence of a nation over a dependent country, territory, or people.


    An effects of pre-colonial life that is present in this chapter is farming. This is positive because it helps make Rukmani more hardworking and disciplined.


    VOCABULARY
    wavering:to shake/tremble
    repining: to complain
    foibles:weakness
    bloated:swollen
    bullocks:young bull
    saris:a garment worn by Hindu women, consisting of a long piece of cotton or silk wrapped around the body with one end draped over the head or over one shoulder.
    nicked:a small dent or wound.
    scythe:an agricultural implement consisting of a long, curving blade fastened at an angle to a handle, for cutting grass, grain, etc., by hand.
    unyoked:to free from
    jauntily:self confident, cheerful
    prestige:having or showing success
    diminished:to reduce, lesser value or importance
    mynahs:certain species of Asian birds which have the ability to mimic speech and are kept as pets.

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  20. Chapter 2:

    Characters:
    Rukmani- main character
    Nathan- tenant farmer, Ruku`s husband.
    Irawaddy(Ira)- Nathan`s daughter.
    Interaction:
    Ruku` relationsip with Nathan is respectful. Through Nathan`s actions we see that he does love his wife and cares about her. Although is hard for him, he admits that his wife is clever and she knows more than he himself does (13). The fact that they are expecting their first child has brought them even closer.

    Pre-colonial:
    Ruku gave birth to a beautiful girl but it was a disappointment because according to their religion the first child should be a boy. Since Ira was a girl Nathan wouldn`t pay much attention to her because he wanted a boy as his child. If a boy was born that would mean that he would have someone else with him, out in the fields.

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  21. Tang Wu
    Chapter 2:
    PLOT
    Rakmuni helps Kunthi after her husband leaves to look for the midwife. Nathan is upset that Rakumani took very long. Rakunami is pregnat.Rakumani begins to take better care of herself. She sepnds less time farming and focuses more on her writing. Nathan is supportive of her.Rukmani has a small garden, she encounters a snake and touches it but runs away in fear. Rakunami gives birth to a girl a few days after this. They name her Irawaddy, nicknamed Ira. She grows up to be very beautiful unlike her parents. She is admired by many people, especially Rukmani's mother who comes to visit often.

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  22. Albin Ademi Chapter 1
    Vocabulary

    Tranquil- peaceful; quiet; calm

    Lure- anything that attracts, entices, or allures

    Repine- to be fretfully discontented; fret; complain

    Foible- a minor weakness or failing of character; slight flaw or defect

    Dowry- the money, goods, or estate that a wife brings to her husband at marriage

    Sari- a garment worn by Hindu women, consisting of a long piece of cotton or silk wrapped around the body with one end draped over the head or over one shoulder

    Scythe- an agricultural implement consisting of a long, curving blade fastened at an angle to a handle by hand

    Grove- a small wood or forested area.

    Bulbul- a songbird often mentioned in Persian poetry.

    Mynahs- any of several Asian birds of the starling family Sturnidae, especially those of the genera Acridotheres and Gracula, certain species of which have the ability to mimic speech and are kept as pets

    Futility- the quality of being futile; ineffectiveness; uselessness

    Paddy- a rice field

    Granary- a storehouse or repository for grain, especially after it has been threshed or husked

    Brook- a small, natural stream of fresh water

    Brittle- having hardness and rigidity but little tensile strength.

    Clamor- a loud uproar, as from a crowd of people

    Provisions- the providing or supplying of something.

    Surmount- to get over or across.

    The main character is Rukmani and she was brought up in a rich family and she married a farmer, which brings us into the next character Nathan. The both of them have a beautiful daughter named Irawaddy, but it was a disappointment because by their religion the first born has to be a male and sadly it was a female.

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